If you take Adderall for ADHD, or for other purposes, it’s important to be aware of the side effects.
Effects can be positive when Adderall is use for the right reasons, but for people without ADHD who use the drug without medical supervision, the effects can be dangerous.
Adderall is a brand name for the combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine.
It’s a prescription drug used primarily to treat ADHD or narcolepsy (daytime sleepiness).
The medication alters certain naturally-occurring chemicals in your brain by enhancing the effects of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine.
For ADHD, Adderall is design to improve hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, and attention span.
According to the Cleveland Clinic, stimulants like Adderall improve symptoms of ADHD in 70 to 80 percent of children, and in 70 percent of adults.
The positive effects can be even greater when it’s used along with behavioral therapy.
Adderall comes in either a tablet form or as a time-release capsule.
It can interfere with sleep, so it should be consume in the morning.
Your doctor will most likely start you off with a low dose to make sure you can tolerate it.
Then, the dose can be slowly increase.
Before taking Adderall, tell your doctor about any preexisting physical or mental health problems you have and list all other prescription and over-the-counter medications you take.
Adderall is a federally controlled substance that should never be taken without medical supervision.
Circulatory and Respiratory systems
Stimulants can make your blood vessels constrict, raise your blood pressure, and make your heart beat faster. In some cases, Adderall can cause further interference with your blood circulation.
Your toes and fingers may become numb, or start to hurt. They may even turn blue or red.
Serious side effects of Adderall include heart attack and stroke.
Contact your doctor immediately if you experience chest pain, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or fainting.
Adderall can lead to sudden death in people with preexisting heart conditions.
Taking Adderall alongside alcohol increases your chances of having heart problems.
Adderall may also affect how drunk you feel, which can also increase your chance of alcohol poisoning.
It is use to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
Before taking this medicine
Do not use this medicine if you have taken an MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others.
You may not be able to use Adderall if you are allergic to any stimulant medicine. You may not be able to use Adderall if you have:
- glaucoma;
- overactive thyroid;
- severe anxiety or agitation (stimulant medicine can make these symptoms worse);
- high blood pressure;
- heart disease or coronary artery disease;
- vascular disease or hardening of the arteries; or
- a history of drug or alcohol addiction.
Stimulants have caused stroke, heart attack, and sudden death in certain people. Tell your doctor if you have:
- heart problems or a congenital heart defect;
- high blood pressure; or
- a family history of heart disease or sudden death.
To make sure Adderall is safe for you, tell your doctor if you or anyone in your family has ever had:
- depression, anxiety, mental illness, bipolar disorder, psychosis, problems with aggression, or suicidal thoughts or actions;
- motor tics (muscle twitches) or Tourette’s syndrome;
- seizures or epilepsy;
- an abnormal brain wave test (EEG); or
- liver or kidney disease; or
- blood circulation problems in the hands or feet.
Taking Adderall during pregnancy can cause premature birth, low birth weight, or withdrawal symptoms in the newborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
The medications in Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while you are using this medicine.
Adderall is not approved for use by anyone younger than 3 years old.
How should I take Adderall?
Take Adderall exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Follow all directions on your prescription label.
Your doctor may occasionally change your dose.
Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than neccessary.
Adderall may be habit-forming. Never share this medicine with another person, especially someone with a history of drug abuse or addiction.
Keep the medication in a place where others cannot get to it. Selling or giving away this medicine is against the law.
Read all patient information, medication guides, and instruction sheets provided to you.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.
You may take Adderall with or without food, first thing in the morning.
Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow it whole.
To make swallowing easier, you may open the capsule and sprinkle the medicine into a spoonful of applesauce.
Swallow right away without chewing. Do not save the mixture for later use.
While using this medicine, your doctor will need to check your progress at regular visits. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medicine.
Adderall can cause unusual results with certain medical tests.
Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medicine.
Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Keep track of your medicine. Adderall is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if anyone is using your medicine improperly or without a prescription.
Dosing information
Usual Adult Dose of Adderall for Attention Deficit Disorder:
IR:
-Initial Dose: 5 mg orally 1 or 2 times a day
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 5 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
-Maximum Dose: Only in rare cases will it be necessary to exceed 40 mg per day.
XR:
Patients starting treatment for the first time or switching from another medication:
-Initial Dose: 20 mg orally once a day
Comments:
-IR: The first dose should be given upon awakening; 1 to 2 additional doses should be given at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.
-Where possible, drug administration should be interrupted occasionally to determine if continued therapy is required.
Use: As part of a total treatment program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Usual Adult Dose of Adderall for Narcolepsy:
IR:
-Initial Dose: 10 mg orally per day in separate doses
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 10 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
Comments:
-The first dose should be given on awakening; 1 to 2 additional doses should be given at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.
-The usual dose is 5 to 60 mg per day in divided doses, depending on the individual patient response.
-Dosage should be reduced if bothersome adverse reactions (e.g., insomnia, anorexia) appear.
Use: Narcolepsy treatment
Usual Pediatric Dose of Adderall for Attention Deficit Disorder:
IR:
Age 3 to 5 Years:
-Initial Dose: 2.5 mg orally per day
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 2.5 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
Age 6 to 17 Years:
-Initial Dose: 5 mg orally 1 or 2 times a day
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 5 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
-Maximum Dose: Only in rare cases will it be necessary to exceed 40 mg per day.
XR:
Age 6 to 12 Years (starting treatment for the first time or switching from another medication):
-Initial Dose: 5 or 10 mg orally once a day in the morning
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 5 to 10 mg increments at weekly intervals.
-Maximum Dose: 30 mg/day
Age 13 to 17 Years (starting treatment for the first time or switching from another medication):
-Initial Dose: 10 mg orally once a day
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be increase to 20 mg/day after one week if symptoms are not adequately control.
-Maximum Dose: 30 mg/day
Comments:
-IR: The first dose should be given on awakening; 1 to 2 additional doses should be given at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.
-Where possible, drug administration should be interrupted occasionally to determine if continued therapy is required.
Use: As part of a total treatment program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Usual Pediatric Dose of Adderall for Narcolepsy:
IR:
Age 6 to 11 Years:
-Initial Dose: 5 mg orally per day in separate doses
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 5 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
Age 12 Years and Older:
-Initial Dose: 10 mg orally per day in separate doses
-Maintenance Dose: Daily dose may be raise in 10 mg increments at weekly intervals until optimal response is achieve.
Comments:
-The first dose should be given on awakening; 1 to 2 additional doses should be given at intervals of 4 to 6 hours.
-The usual dose is 5 to 60 mg per day in divided doses, depending on the individual patient response.
-Dosage should be reduced if bothersome adverse reactions (e.g., insomnia, anorexia) appear.
-Narcolepsy rarely occurs in children under 12 years of age.
Use: Narcolepsy treatment
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, but not late in the day. Skip the missed dose if it is almost evening. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Seek emergency medical attention
An overdose of Adderall could be fatal.
Overdose symptoms may include restlessness, tremor, muscle twitches, rapid breathing, confusion, hallucinations, panic, aggressiveness, muscle pain or weakness, and dark colored urine.
These symptoms may be followed by depression and tiredness.
Other overdose symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, uneven heartbeats, feeling light-headed, fainting, seizure (convulsions), or coma.
What to avoid
This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Avoid drinking fruit juices or taking vitamin C at the same time you take Adderall.
These can make your body absorb less of the medicine.
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